Can the absolute energy states of the reactants (e1) and products (e2) be measured in a chemical reaction?

If the concentration of phosphate in the cytosol is 2.0 mm and the concentration of phosphate in the surrounding fluid is 0.1 mm, how could the cell increase the concentration of phosphate in the cytosol? a) passive transportb) diffusionc) active transportd) osmosise) facilitated diffusion

The diagrams to the right show the distribution and arrangement of gas particles in two different containers. according to kinetic-molecular theory, which of the following statements is true? check all that apply. if the temperatures of both containers are equal, container a has greater pressure than container b. if the volume of container a decreased, its pressure would decrease. if the pressure in both containers is equal, container a has a lower temperature than container b.

An atom of element x has one more shell of electrons than an atom of beryllium, but it has one less valance electron than beryllium. which element is x