How do particles in matter change when a substance becomes hotter, cools down, or changes state? Be sure to include the three main points of a scientific explanation:

A scientific claim
Evidence to support the claim
Reasoning that connects the evidence to the claim

When a substance becomes hotter or cooler or change in state due to external change in energy, few changes takes place like:

When Energy is supplied:

A substance becomes more hot and changes it state i.e. Solid to liquid, or liquid to gas in normal conditions.

When Energy is taken away:

A substance becomes colder and changes it state i.e. gas to liquid, or liquid to solid in normal conditions.

~

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of c is as shown here in the image.

particle   p is an electron and particle q is a neutron