g Which complexes in the electron transport chain contribute to the pumping of protons in to the intermembrane space

Complex I, Complex III, and Complex IV contribute to the pumping of protons into the intermembrane space.

Explanation:

In the electron transport chain, the energy of electron transfer is conserved in the transfer of protons from the inner mitochondrial matrix which becomes negatively charged, into the intermembrane space which becomes positively charged. The complexes involved in this process of pumping protons are Complexes I, III, and IV.

Complex I (also called NADH dehydrogenase): It pumps four protons into the intermembrane space simultaneously with the transfer of a hydride ion from NADH to ubiquinone.

Complex III (also called cytochrome bc₁ complex): It pumps four protons into the intermembrane space for every pair of electrons it transfers to cytochrome c.

Complex IV (also called cytochrome oxidase): For each electron pair transferred to molecular oxygen, it pumps two protons into the intermembrane space.

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight   the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the have energy higher than those in the orbital while lower than those of the orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the orbital is therefore filled right after orbitals and before orbitals.  

potassium has electron configuration and calcium . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the and should be highlighted as well.

the answer is minerals.