How can a Hydrogen atom turn into a
Hydrogen ion (H+)?

By losing an electron

Explanation:

Electrons have a negative charge. So, losing one would give an element a more positive charge. You can usually find a hydrogen ion (H+) in substances like acids.

c. because step up transformer steps up the input voltage i.e increases the input voltage  

the number of turns are greater on the secondary side of step up transformer  

transformer does not handle dc current

what is the average time it took the car to travel 0.25 meters?

⇒ 2.23 seconds

what is the average time it took the car to travel 0.50 meters?

⇒ 3.13 seconds