While ethanol is produced naturally by fermentation, e. g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting ethylene with water vapor at elevated temperatures. A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a tank with of ethylene gas and of water vapor. When the mixture has come to equilibrium he determines that it contains of ethylene gas and of water vapor.

The engineer then adds another of ethylene, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the moles of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to significant digits.

answer:

the answer is 6 valence electrons.

explanation:

valence is the # of electrons on the outer most shell of an atom.

oxygen has 6.

although, the valency of oxygen is 2, because it only needs to make 2 covalent bonds, or gain 2 electrons, to achieve the stable octet configuration of a noble gas.

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explanation:

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.