1. How does the tendency of metal atoms to lose valence electrons explain the periodic trends
of properties found in representative metal
elements

Explanation:

The tendency of metals to lose electrons is a measure of their electropositivity or metallicity.

Electropositivity is a measure of the tendency of atoms of an element to lose electrons. It is closely related to ionization energy and electronegativity of an element.

it is b that is the answer.