In paragraphs: Define and differentiate energy, heat, and temperature.
Explain radiant energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy, and potential energy
Explain and exemplify the first law of thermodynamics

Explain system and surroundings
Exemplify open, closed, and isolated systems and relate them to the transfer of energy from and to the surroundings.

Explain and exemplify chemical reactions.
Differentiate through examples exothermic and endothermic reactions.