For a hydrogen-like atom, classify these electron transitions by whether they result in the absorption or emission of light.
n=3 to n=5, n=1 to n=3, n=3 to n=2, n=2 to n=1

Energy must be absorbed to for the electron to transfer from ground state to a much higher energy level. In the same manner, Energy is emitted when the electron is transferred from a higher energy level to a lower energy level. Thus,

n=3 to n=5 à absorb

n=1 to n=3 à absorb

n=3 to n=2 à emit

n=2 to n=1 à emit

answer: option (4) is the correct answer.

explanation:

areas which are at low altitudes and near the equator tend to receive direct sunlight from the sun. hence, heat energy or radiations from the sun make these areas warmer and they have warmest water.

whereas areas which are at high altitudes and away from the equator do no receive direct sunlight. hence, no direct contact from the sun makes these regions colder and thus, they have colder water.

thus, we can conclude that the statement areas at low latitudes near the equator have the warmest water because they receive the most direct sunlight best explains the relationship between an area's geography and the temperature of its surface water.