How can an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock?

On the surface, weathering and erosion break down the igneous rock into pebbles, sand, and mud, creating sediment, which accumulates in basins on the Earth's surface. As successive layers of sediment settle on top of one another, the sediment near the bottom is compressed, hardens, and forms sedimentary rock.

what is the general relationship between a galaxy's distance from earth and its speed?

the answer is:

the farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away from us.