What is an octet of electrons? Which elements contain an octet of electrons?

By definition, an electron octet establishes that the atom is stable when it has 8 electrons in its valence shell. Noble gases are electrochemically stable elements, that is, they have 8 electrons in their last shell, containing an electron octet.

The octet rule states that the atoms of the elements bond to each other in an attempt to complete their valence shell with eight electrons. In other words, the atoms will tend to give up or share electrons to complete eight electrons in the valence shell through an ionic, covalent or metallic bond.

In other words, the goal is to have the closest noble gas electron configuration, thus having the last complete electron shell and acquiring stability.

That is, the octet rule defines the property that atoms have of completing their last energy level with eight electrons to achieve stability. The basis of this rule are the noble gases that have 8 electrons in their last shell and are the least reactive elements of the entire periodic table.

In summary, an electron octet establishes that the atom is stable when it has 8 electrons in its valence shell. Noble gases are electrochemically stable elements, that is, they have 8 electrons in their last shell, containing an electron octet.

Learn more:

> Octet, in chemistry, the eight-electron arrangement in the outer electron shell of the noble-gas atoms. This structure is held responsible for the relative inertness of the noble gases and the chemical behaviour of certain other elements.

> Referring to the octet rule, atoms attempt to get a noble gas electron configuration, which is eight valence electrons. Sodium has one valence electron, so giving it up would result in the same electron configuration as neon. Chlorine has seven valence electrons, so if it takes one it will have eight (an octet).

1. a)c-14 has two more protons

2. d)they have different numbers of protons, neutrons, and valence electrons; they are all gases at room temperature.

3. c) iron and nickel.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.