In such shorthand structures, each point where lines meet represents a carbon atom and most H atoms are not shown. All carbon atoms will have the octet rule satisfied. Indicate which carbon atoms use sp2 hybrid orbitals.

Indicate which carbon atoms use sp3 hybrid orbitals.

Are all carbon atoms in the same plane, as implied by the structure? Explain your reasoning.

the electronic configuration of an atom with eight electrons is 1s²2s²2p⁴. the orbital diagrams are shown in the figure.

as per the hunds rule:

1. electrons tend to avoid being in the same orbital as per as practicable.

2. electrons in different orbitals of the same energy will have their spin parallel.

this can be illustrated from the multiplicity of the orbitals of the atom. as there are four electrons in the p orbital and p orbital has 3 sub-shells. the electrons can be fed in different ways as shown in the figure but the correct orbital diagram will be as per the hunds rule.

1 a

2 d

3 a

4 c

explanation: