PLEASE HELP ! Explain why cations tend to form ions with radii smaller than their neutral atom.

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of carbon is as shown here in the image.

35. a insulated cylinder of solid gold (k 310 kw/m-k) of radius v2 m and height 5 m is heated at one end until the temperature at each point in the cylinder is given by w(r, y, z) (30 z2)(2-(r2+ y2). determine the rate of heat flow across each horizontal disk given by z 1, z 2, and z 3, identifying which has the greatest rate of heat flow across it.

explanation: