Which of these are vestigial structures? A. the sharp spines of a cactus
B. the wings of a butterfly
C. the hip bones found in some spees of snake
D. the thick fur and layer of fat of some mammals in cold climates

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Amedication is given at a dosage of 3.000 mg of medication per kg of body weight. if 0.1500 g of medication is given, then what was the patient's weight in pounds (lbs)? there are 453.59g in 1 lb.

Which is true concerning the products and reactants of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? a. the products of photosynthesis are sugars and the reactants of cellular respiration are starches. b. the products of photosynthesis are reactants in cellular respiration. c. oxygen is needed for photosynthesis and is given off in cellular respiration.