Why are atoms of lithium, sodium, and potassium almost neverfound alone in nature

What is the nature of the ca-cl bond in a molecule of calcium chloride (cacl2) if the electronegativity value of calcium is 1.0 and that of chlorine is 3.16?

In a ni-cd battery, a fully charged cell is composed of nickelic hydroxide. nickel is an element that has multiple oxidation states. assume the following proportions of the states: nickel charge proportions found 0 0.17 +2 0.3 +3 0.33 +4 0.5 (a) determine the mean of the nickel charge. enter the answer to 2 decimal places.(b) determine the cumulative distribution function of nickel charge.

Draw the lewis dot structure for each of the following polyatomic ions