What effect does observing a substance's physical properties have on the substance?

Depending on the testing process being used, it may affect the object by making it shape differently, scratch, it or sometimes do absolutely nothing.  hope this helps:)

The nucleus inside an atom consists of positively-charged  protons  and neutrally-charged  neutrons. a  proton  is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge. allprotons  are identical.