Which pair of atoms will form an ionic compound? a) one atom of oxygen and two atoms of fluorine eliminate b) one atom of calcium and two atoms of chlorine c) one atom of nitrogen and three atoms of fluorine d) two atoms of nitrogen and four atoms of oxygen

Answer : The correct option is, (B) One atom of calcium and two atoms of chlorine.

Explanation :

Ionic compound : It is a compound in which the atoms are bonded through the ionic bond.  The ionic bonds are formed between the one metal and one non-metal. It is formed by the complete transfer of electrons.

Covalent compound : It is a compound in which the atoms are covalently bonded. The covalent bonds are formed between two non-metals.  The covalent bonds are formed by the equal sharing of the electrons.

From the given options, only option (B) pair of atoms will form an ionic compound because calcium is a metal and chlorine is a non-metal. While the other options will not form an ionic compound because the two atoms are non-metals.

Hence, the correct option is, (B) One atom of calcium and two atoms of chlorine.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

the answer is:  

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