Carbon is often found in long chains composed of carbon and

a) calcium
b) sodium
c) hydrogen
d) fluorine

8

explanation:

each principal energy level above the first contains one s orbital and three p orbitals. a set of three p orbitals, called the p sublevel, can hold a maximum of six electrons. therefore, the second level can contain a maximum of eight electrons - that is, two in the s orbital and 6 in the three p orbitals.

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