Astudent writes the following explanation of how certain molecules are formed.

a process is used to chemically link smaller units to form a larger molecule that is made up of repeating units. the properties of the larger molecule are determined by the chemical structure and the order or bonding of the smaller units.

the student is explaining

elimination.
hydrohalogenation.
polymerization.
substitution.

The student is explaining polymerization. Polymerization is the joining of many smaller molecules, called monomers, to make one big molecule called a polymer. Polymerization is seen in some carbon compounds, those containing carbon-carbon double bonds.When part of the double bond is broken, the electrons in it are used to join to neighboring molecules. This process in called addition polymerization. 

For cyclohexane compounds drawn in a chair conformation:   -axial bonds are vertical  -equatorial bonds are parallel to two bonds within the ring.  thus, as i assume the chair conformation is drawn:   -the x group is in an axial position, as are the five other vertical bonds.  -three axial bonds are on the top face of the ring  -the other three axial bonds are on the bottom face  the position of the second substituent on each ring carbon is equatorial.  gauche groups must be on an adjacent carbon such as carbon 6 and carbon 2, and also gauche groups are rotated by 60 degrees relative to each other.  drawing the newman projections for c1–c2 and c1–c6 aids in visualizing the groups that are gauche to the y group on c1.  click this link and watch some academic videos that may you more understand the topic