23 which term identifies the half-reaction that occurs at the anode of an operating electro­chemical cell?
(1) oxidation (3) neutralization
(2) reduction (4) transmutation

The correct answer is Option 1.

Explanation:

Electrochemical cell is defined as the device that is used for the conversion of the chemical energy produced in a redox reaction into the electrical energy. In this cell, oxidation reaction occurs at anode and reduction reaction occurs at cathode.

For the given options:

Option 1: Oxidation reaction

Oxidation reaction is defined as the chemical reaction where a substance looses its electrons. The oxidation state of this substance gets increased and the substance gets oxidized.

Option 2: Reduction reaction

Reduction reaction is defined as the chemical reaction where a substance gains electrons. The oxidation state of this substance gets reduced and the substance gets reduced.

Option 3: Neutralization reaction

Neutralization reaction is defined as the chemical reaction where an acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water molecule.

Option 4: Transmutation

This is defined as the process in which a nucleus is converted to another nucleus.

From the above information, at anode, oxidation reaction occurs. Thus, the correct answer is option 1.