Air containing 1.5% of SO2 (yin) needs to be scrubbed with water in a counter current cylindrical packed tower. A tower diameter of 1.4 m is used. Total gas flow rate is 100 kmol/h (V). Solute free water enters from the top of the tower. The concentration of SO2 needs to be reduced to at least 0.1% (yout) in the exit gas. The gas phase and liquid phase mass transfer coefficients based on mole ratio unit are: kx =1.5 kmol/m2 h and ky = 2.25 kmol/m2 h. The equilibrium relation is y=0.63*x. Specific interfacial area of gas-liquid contact (a) is 50 m2 /m3 . The carrier gas may be considered insoluble in the solvent and the solvent may be considered nonvolatile. Assume dilute species (x = X, y=Y) with constant flow rates (L = L’, V = V’) and isothermal and isobaric trays/stages. (d) Calculate minimum water flow rate (L’min) to perform the operation. (e) If the actual liquid rate is 1.5 times the minimum value, calculate packing height (lT) required for the desired separation. (f) Solve for the theoretical number of trays (Nt) using the Kremser relationship and find HETP.