A family of giraffes is living on the African savannah. The trees on the savannah are very tall and scattered. During the dry season, the giraffes must be able to reach the leaves of these trees for food. A mother giraffe gives birth to two calves. Calf A has inherited a mutation that will make his neck longer than his mother when he is full grown. Calf B, on the other hand, has inherited a mutation that will make his neck shorter than his mother.

From this story, which of the following statements can be inferred about genetic mutations?
A.
Mutations cannot affect an individual because they can never be passed to the next generation.
B.
Mutations can be harmful at first, but the tall trees will cause Calf B's neck to grow longer than it would otherwise.
C.
Mutations may result in a favorable change that improves an organisms' ability to survive or an unfavorable change that harms an organism's ability to survive.
D.
Mutations are always harmful to an individual because they are changes in the DNA code.