The reduced coenzymes generated by the citric acid cycle donate electrons in a series of reactions called the electron transport chain. The energy from the electron transport chain is used for oxidative phosphorylation. Which compounds donate electrons to the electron transport chain

Because calorimetry is used to measure the heat of a reaction, it is a crucial part of thermodynamics. in order to measure the heat of a reaction, the reaction must be isolated so that no heat is lost to the environment. this is achieved by use of a calorimeter, which insulates the reaction to better contain heat.

For each molecule of glucose processed during glycolysis, the net yield is two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of nadh and two molecules of atp. glycolysis is the process in which sugar or glucose is broken down to simpler compounds to produce energy to the cells in the form of atp. it is an essential metabolic pathway which involves the oxidative breakdown of one glucose into two pyruvate with the capture of some energy as atp and nadh. in the process two atp molecules are utilized during the process, while 4 atp molecules and 2 nadh molecules are produced. since two atp molecules are utilized during the process, thus the net gain of 2 atp and 2 nadh molecules