When a metal is heated, its density decreases. There are two sources that give rise to this decrease of r: (1) the thermal expansion of the solid and (2) the formation of vacancies (Section 4.2). Consider a specimen of gold at room temperature (20C) that has a density of 19.320 g/cm3 . (a) Determine its density upon heating to 800C when only thermal expansion is considered. (b) Repeat the calculation when the introduction of vacancies is taken into account. Assume that the energy of vacancy formation is 0.98 eV/atom, and that the volume coefficient of thermal expansion, a is equal to 3al .

mechanics (greek   is that area of science concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. the scientific discipline has its origins in ancient greece with the writings of aristotle and archimedes[1][2][3] (see history of classical mechanics and timeline of classical mechanics). during the early modern period, scientists such as galileo, kepler, and newton laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics. it is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light. it can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects. the field is yet less widely understood in terms of quantum theory.

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