Aluminum reacts with chlorine gas to produce aluminum chloride crystals. How many grams of aluminum chloride will be produced if the reaction begins with 135.0g of Al and 475.0 g chlorine gas.

596 g of AlCl₃

Explanation:

The reaction is:

2Al + 3Cl₂  →  2AlCl₃

Firstly we need to determine the limiting reactant and we need to determine the moles of each

135 g . 1 mol / 26.98 g = 5 moles of Al

475 g . 1mol / 70.9 g = 6.7 moles of chlorine

Ratio in the reaction is 3:2

3 moles of chlorine gas need 2 moles of Al to react

Then, our 6.7 moles of gas might react to (6.7 . 2 ) /3 = 4.47 moles of Al

We have 5 moles of Al and we need 4.47 moles, so this is the excess reactant. In conclussion, Cl₂ is the limiting.

2 moles of Al react to 3 moles of gas

Our 5 moles of Al may react to (5 . 3 )/2 = 7.5 moles of gas

It's ok because we only have 6.7 moles, and there is not enough gas.

Now we calculate the product's mass

3 moles of gas can produce 2 moles of salt

Then, our 6.7 moles of gas will produce (6.7 . 2) /3 = 4.47 moles

We convert moles to mass: 4.47 mol . 133.33 g/mol = 596 g of AlCl₃

answer is: c. the experiment shows that the red substance experienced a chemical change.

this is chemical change (chemical reaction), because two new substances are formed (metalig liquid and gas), the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is followed by an energy change.

this is example of chemical decomposition.

chemical decomposition (analysis) is the separation of a single chemical compound into its two or more elemental parts or to simpler compounds.  

chemical decomposition is opposite of chemical synthesis.