In transition metal complexes, the central metal ion is surrounded by ligands. According to Crystal field Theory, the interaction between the ligands and the metal ion, cause an increase in the energy of the d-orbitals, increasing the energy of some of the d-orbital more than others. Thus, for the metal ion in these complexes the five d-orbitals are not degenerate, a splitting of the energy levels is observed. This in turn is responsible for the absorption spectrum of various complexes in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Which of the following has the least effect on the magnitude of this energy splitting? A) Molecular Geometry of the compound
B) The oxidation state of the metal ion
C) Nature of the ligands surrounding the metal ion
D) Nature of the metal atom
E) Temperature
F) The coordination number of the metal

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (a) potassium(k)

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms

the density of gold = 19.3 g/cm3

the relation between density and mass and volume is

density = mass / volume

given :

mass of gold = 13 g

density = 13g / volume = 19.3

volume = 13 /19.3 = 0.67 cm^3

thus volume of gold nugget = 0.67 cm^3