Which elements above will form cations? List them below. a) Lithium
b) sodium
c) beryllium
d) aluminum
e) phosphorus
f) oxygen
g) fluorine

Halogens always form anions, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals always form cations. Most other metals form cations (e.g. iron, silver, nickel), whilst most other nonmetals typically form anions (e.g. oxygen, carbon, sulfur).

Explanation:

Examples: Sodium (Na+), Iron (Fe2+), Ammonium (NH4

d.) the average kinetic energy of the gas particles is greater in container b because its particles move faster.