The first excited vibrational energy level of diatomic chlo- rine (Cl2) is 558 cm^-1 above the ground state. Wave- numbers, the units in which vibrational frequencies are usually recorded, are effectively units of energy, with 1 cm ^-1 = 1.986445 X 10^-23 J. If every vibrational energy level is equally spaced, and has a degeneracy of 1, sum over the lowest 4 vibrational levels to obtain a vibrational partition function for chlorine. Required:
Determine the populations of each of the four levels at 298 K and the average molar vibrational energy (Em. vib) for chlorine at 298 K.

How do temperature and salinity affect deepwater currents? as temperatures and salinity levels of water increase, the water rises to the surface where it creates currents as it moves to colder regions. they create changes in wind direction, moving denser water in the same direction as the wind and causing the deepwater circulation patterns found in the ocean. they equalize the forces on undersea currents caused by the coriolis effect as they replace more dense water with less dense water. they create density differences that cause dense deepwater currents to flow toward the equator where they displace less dense, warmer water above them.