Which of the following statements is CORRECT? 1. The internal energy of a system includes both potential and
kinetic energy
II. One way to write the first law of thermodynamics
is that the energy of the universe (an isolated system) is conserved
III. DE and DH are similar in value when the reaction does not
involve changes in gas volumes
Oll only
I and
TIIN
I only
Ill only

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

answer: gold foil experiment - he shot alpha particles at a gold foil

explanation: