Describe the orbital diagram of an atom with eight electrons. Explain how this orbital diagram demonstrates Hund's rule.

The closer the orbitals are to the nucleus, the lower they are in energy.
Atomic orbitals are filled with electrons the energy goes from lowest to highest
When multiple orbitals of equal energy have only one electron, the electrons in each must all have the same spin. However, the orbital diagram violates Hunds Rule.

Pauli's exclusion principle states that in an atom or molecule, no two electrons can have the same four quantum numbers. As an orbital can contain a maximum of only two electrons, the two electrons must have opposing spins.

Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity states that every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin.

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