Which reactions are spontaneous? i. C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) Right arrow. 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l), Delta. G = –36.7 kJ
ii. 2C6H6(l) + 15O2(g) Right arrow. 12CO2(g) + 6H2O(l), Delta. G = –6,405 kJ
iii. CaCO3(s) Right arrow. CaO(s) + CO2(g), Delta. G = 13.0 kJ
iv. Ni(s) + Cl2(g) Right arrow. NiCl2(s), Delta. G = 1,130.28 kJ

yes

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substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.