How do electrons become "excited"?

Achemistry student needs to standardize a fresh solution of sodium hydroxide. he carefully weighs out of oxalic acid , a diprotic acid that can be purchased inexpensively in high purity, and dissolves it in of distilled water. the student then titrates the oxalic acid solution with his sodium hydroxide solution. when the titration reaches the equivalence point, the student finds he has used of sodium hydroxide solution.calculate the molarity of the student's sodium hydroxide solution. be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Which statement explains why the bonds between non metals tend to be covalent? the bonds are found to be nondirectional they have large differences in electronegativity they have small differences in electronegativity they have ions that produce an electrostatic pull

‘which reaction would most likely require the use of an inert electrode?