One of the first major scientific discoveries of the Renaissance was made by a Polish mathematician and astronomer, who introduced the
theory.

One of the first major scientific discoveries of the Renaissance was made by a polish mathematician and astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus who introduced the heliocentric theory.

Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Torun, Poland, and he introduced a book called De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) in 1543, where he stated that:

"All the spheres (planets and moons) revolve around the sun as their midpoint; therefore, the sun is the center of the universe."

At that time, the Earth was considered the center of the Universe, according to Aristotle (384-322 BC), synthesized in the Ptolemy's geocentric theory appeared in The Almagest (140 AD).

Copernicus generated controversy, mostly among the clergy and scientists, and he wrote in his book that his main intention was to propose some changes to the Ptolemy's geocentric theory that better explained planetary motion but without trying to refute it at all.

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