one alkyl tosylate affords the two different substitution products shown, which depend on the reaction conditions. deduce the structure of the starting tosylate.

Tell me the iupac names of the following alcohols:

13. a covalent bond between two atoms is likely to be polar if: a. one of the atoms is much more electronegative than the other. b. the two atoms are equally electronegative. c. the two atoms are of the same element. d. the bond is part of a tetrahedrally shaped molecule. e. one atom is an anion.

Answer asap : ( a. how does mucus prevent the entry of pathogens? b. describe two ways white blood cells protect us from pathogens.