Elements that LOSE electrons to form POSITIVE cations due to strong electronegativity are generally classified as... (check all that apply) 1. metals
2. transition metals
3. non-metals

Metals

Explanation:

For example, Alkali metals always loose electrons to form cations because they have one electron and it's easier to loose one electron to gain a full set of valence electrons and form a cation rather than gaining seven and forming an anion.

geosphere and hydrosphere.

this is because the geosphere has to do with geological events, while the hydrosphere controls all water on earth.