A reaction is occurring in a test tube. How is heat transmitted to the surroundings? (A) Heat is carried out with matter as matter is changed with the surroundings.
(B)As bubbles are formed and gas escapes, the heat is carried with the rising bubbles.
(C) All of the heat escapes out of the open top of the test tube as molecules collide with the air
(D) Molecules collide with the glass, and the glass molecules then transmit that energy to the outside.

A. Molecules collide with the glass, and the glass molecules then transmit that energy to the outside.

Explanation:

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.

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