6. If 2.6g of Lif dissolves and warms 25mL of water by 4.7°C, what is the enthalpy of solution in kJ/mol? (Specific heat capacity of
water = 4.186J/mL/K)

The idea here is that you can use the heat absorbed by the solution to find the heat given off by the dissolution of the salt.

More specifically, you can assume that

Δ

H

diss

=

−

q

solution

The minus sign is used here because heat lost carries a negative sign.

To find the heat absorbed by the solution, you can use the equation

q

=

m

⋅

c

⋅

Δ

T

−−−−−−−−−−−−−

Here

q

is the heat gained by the water

m

is the mass of the water

c

is the specific heat of water

Δ

T

is the change in temperature, defined as the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature of the sample

As the problem suggests, you can approximate the mass and the specific heat of the solution to be equal to those of the pure water sample.

The temperature increases by

0.121

∘

C

, so you know that

Δ

T

=

0.121

∘

C

→

positive because the final temperature is higher than the initial temperature

Plug in your values to find

q

=

125

g

⋅

4.18 J

g

−

1

∘

C

−

1

⋅

0.121

∘

C

q

=

63.22 J

So, you know that the solution absorbed

63.22 J

, which implies that the dissolution of the salt gave off

63.22 J

. In other words, you have

Δ

H

diss

=

−

63.22 J

Convert the mass of sodium hydroxide to moles by using the compound's molar mass

2.4

⋅

10

−

4

g

⋅

1 mole NaOH

39.997

g

=

6.00

⋅

10

−

6

moles NaOH

You know that the enthalpy of dissolution when

6.00

⋅

10

−

6

moles of sodium hydroxide are dissolved in water, so use this info to find the enthalpy of dissolution when

1

mole of the salt dissolves

1

mole NaOH

⋅

−

63.22 J

6.00

⋅

10

−

6

moles NaOH

=

−

1.054

⋅

10

7

J

Finally, convert this to kilojoules

1.054

⋅

10

7

J

⋅

1 kJ

10

3

J

=

1.054

⋅

10

4

kJ

Therefore, you can say that the enthalpy of dissolution, or molar enthalpy of dissolution, for sodium hydroxide is

Δ

H

diss

=

−

1.1

⋅

10

4

.

kJ mol

−

1

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

The answer is rounded to two sig figs, the number fo sig figs you have for the mass of sodium hydroxide.

SIDE NOTE The accepted value for the enthalpy of dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water at

25

∘

C

is

Δ

H

diss

=

−

44.51 kJ

Explanation:

i hope its right

atomic mass = 39

number of neutrons = 20

number of protons= 19

electronic configuration = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1

the number of electron in first shell = 2

number of electrons in n=3 shell = 8