In the chemical laboratory, why do scientists use a mortar and pestle?
a. to increase surface area of a solute
b. to decrease surface area of a solute
c. to increase temperature of a solute
d. to decrease temperature of a solute

Answer : The correct option is, (a) to increase surface area of a solute

Explanation :

A mortar and pestle is a type tool that is used in the chemical laboratory for grinding and mixing the substances.

In the mortar and pestle, the pestle is a heavy or small substance that is made from porcelain material that has the rounded end. The mortar is a bowl type that is also made from porcelain material.

In the chemical laboratory, the scientists use a mortar and pestle due to increase the surface area of a solute. That means by the girding of the solute, the surface area will increases.

Hence, the correct option is, (a) to increase surface area of a solute

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.