Earth's layers formed as result of differentiation. during differentiation, different zones of elements form layers and today we know these layers are made up of different elements. certain elements sunk to the center while others collected near the surface. we might predict that the elements, like iron and nickel, formed the core. a) more dense b) least dense c) light weight d) first crystallized

The correct answer is option A, that is, more dense.  

The organization or differentiation of the Earth into layers is perhaps the most substantial incident in its history. It resulted in the generation of a core, a crust, and finally the continents. The different layers, that is, the core, mantle, crust, and ocean possess different densities, and thus, their masses are also distinct.  

The core of the Earth is made up of denser solid iron-nickel alloy in the inner core, and liquid iron-nickel present in the outer core.  

the density of gold = 19.3 g/cm3

the relation between density and mass and volume is

density = mass / volume

given :

mass of gold = 13 g

density = 13g / volume = 19.3

volume = 13 /19.3 = 0.67 cm^3

thus volume of gold nugget = 0.67 cm^3