Which of the following materials would be most easily scratched? 1.gypsum 2. diamond 3.topaz 4.quartz

The correct answer is option 1, that is, gypsum.

Explanation:

One of the most basic tests for determining mineral specimens is the Mohs Hardness Test. This examination compares the resistance of a mineral to being scratched by 10 reference minerals called the Mohs Hardness Scale. This test makes hardness a trustworthy diagnostic characteristic for the majority of minerals.  

On the basis of Mohs Hardness Scale, gypsum has a hardness of 2, Topaz has a hardness of 8, Quartz has a hardness of 7, and diamond exhibits the most hardness on the basis of the scale, that is, 10. Therefore, it is clear that gypsum on the basis of the hardness would be the most easily scratched.  

first one is the correct answer

in the given question, the partial pressure is calculated by using the ideal gas equation, that is, pv = nrt

here, p is pressure, v is volume = 25 l, n is number of moles = 0.0104 moles, r is gas constant = -0.0821 l.atm / mol.k

t is temperature = 273 k

p = nrt / v

p = (0.0104 mol × 0.0821 l.atm / mol.k × 273 k) / 25 l

= 0.0093 atm