Which two conditions can limit the usefulness of the kinetic-molecular theory in describing gas behavior?

High temperatures and low pressures

Explanation:

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Kinetic-molecular theory helps us to understand how a gas behaves in the light of its intramolecular motion and intermolecular forces, nonetheless, this theory has been idealized for us to have a slightly approach to the real gas behavior. Thus, the carried out experimentation backing up this theory were done at high temperatures and low pressures as long as the gas particles don't interact (crash) to each other but just crash against the container walls and the average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature in kelvins.

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explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.