Filtering requires that the firewall's filtering rules for allowing and denying packets are developed and installed with the firewall.

Static Filtering

Explanation: Static filtering is the technique followed in the networks which keeps the record about the incoming and outgoing of the packets in accordance with their IP addresses .The IP address of the destination port and start port is analyzed and then only packet can flow or halt.

Static filtering controls the flow access of the packet and thus known as static packet filtering .This mechanism is also applied for the firewall security.

answer; i believe the answer is tls,transport layer security;

it would be a. excessive network collisions or d. slow connectivity between devices those would be my answer.