One student has designed a new transport-layer protocol, ntlp, that is completely different from the tcp or udp. he then creates a packet that has a physical-layer header, a data-link-layer header, and an ip header. this packet contains the ntlp header and the application data payload. the packet is sent to the destination ip address as indicated in the ip header. will this packet be delivered to the destination ip address indicated in the ip header?

 YES

Explanation: In the layered OSI model, each layer is independent from the others, communicating only with his counterpart in the other end of the link. So, the IP protocol (network layer) will be responsible of delivering the packets to the destination IP address indicated in the IP packet, ignoring the transport layer header, that is treated as application payload for the IP layer.

This is the reason that allows to use TCP, UDP or any other transport protocol throughout the Internet, for instance.

well you didnt give us any options it looks like so im going to go with because cash cant be traced.

that without the operating systems you would have to control and synchronize computer hardware.