You receive an e-mail message from a friend claiming that she is in another country, in trouble, and urgently needs money wired to her. you call the friend, and discover that she is safe at home and did not know about the message. this scenario is an example of a/an

Email scam

Explanation:

The given scenario is an example of Email scam. Email scam are false emails drafted to victim by fraudsters.

As per the given scenario it appears that the email account of person from which the email is received has been compromised. The password including other login credentials for that account is accessible to hackers.  

The hackers or fraudster are using the victim's friends email account to lure easy money from her friends.

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