a(n) database makes it possible to store information across millions of machines in hundreds of data centers around the globe, with special time-keeping tools to synchronize the data and ensure the data are always consistent.

distributed

Explanation:

According to my expertise in information technology, it seems that the type of database being described is a distributed database. Like mentioned in the question this is a database that works by saving information in data centers from various locations and information is processed through multiple database node. This allows information to be more secured, faster, and also acts as a fail-safe in case of any malfunction where data may otherwise be lost.