What is the first thing a host does when attempting to communicate with a remote device (not on the same subnet)? (note: assume that communication is via ip address.)

The first thing the host does is to look for the MAC address of the default router(gateway).

Explanation:

The network address and the MAC address play very crucial roles when there is a need to send packets from one network to another i.e across different networks since every device knows, at least, the IP address of it's default gateway.

Hope this helps!

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