Answer the following questions about layered protocol models.

(a) consider a three-layer protocol. the layers from top to bottom are application, transport, and network. all layers use headers and the transport layer also uses a trailer. sketch a packet showing headers and trailers for this protocol.

(b) assume a protocol that uses variable length packets of maximum payload size 250 bytes. in addition to the payload, there are 25 bytes of header and 12 bytes of trailer in each packet. for a 600-byte message, what is the overhead (in %) for this protocol?

solution:

bookmark is a word, symbol, image, or other object that links you to another element in another location.

bookmark is a saved shortcut that directs your browser to a specific webpage. it stores the title, url, and favicon of the corresponding page. saving bookmarks allows you to easily access your favorite locations on the web.

it works in all modern web browsers include bookmark features. bookmarks are called favorites or internet shortcuts in internet explorer, and by virtue of that browser's large market share, these terms have been synonymous with bookmark since the first browser war.