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this topic covers the causes of loops in a layer 2 network and briefly explains how spanning tree protocol works. redundancy is an important part of the hierarchical design for eliminating single points of failure and preventing disruption of network services to users. redundant networks require the addition of physical paths, but logical redundancy must also be part of the design. having alternate physical paths for data to traverse the network makes it possible for users to access network resources, despite path disruption. however, redundant paths in a switched ethernet network may cause both physical and logical layer 2 loops.

Create a function (prob3_6) that will do the following: input a positive scalar integer x. if x is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. if the given x is even, divide it by 2. repeat this rule on the new value until you get 1, if ever. your program will output how many operations it had to perform to get to 1 and the largest number along the way. for example, start with the number 3: because 3 is odd, we multiply by 3 and add 1 giving us 10. 10 is even so we divide it by 2, giving us 5. 5 is odd so we multiply by 3 and add one, giving us 16. we divide 16 (even) by two giving 8. we divide 8 (even) by two giving 4. we divide 4 (even) by two giving 2. we divide 2 (even) by 2 to give us 1. once we have one, we stop. this example took seven operations to get to one. the largest number we had along the way was 16. every value of n that anyone has ever checked eventually leads to 1, but it is an open mathematical problem (known as the collatz conjectureopens in new tab) whether every value of n eventually leads to 1. your program should include a while loop and an if-statement.