Consider an unpipelined or single-stage processor design like the one discussed in slide 6 of lecture 17. At the start of a cycle, a new instruction enters the processor and is processed completely within a single cycle. It takes 2,000 ps to navigate all the circuits in a cycle (including latch overheads). Therefore, for this design to work, the cycle time has to be at least 2,000 pico seconds. What is the clock speed of this processor? (5 points) What is the CPI of this processor, assuming that every load/store instruction finds its instruction/data in the instruction or data cache? (5 points) What is the throughput of this processor (in billion instructions per second)? (10 points)

a. Clock Speed of Processor = 0.5 GHz

b. Cycles per Instruction (CPI) = 1 Clock per Instruction

c. Throughput = 1 billion Instruction per Second

Explanation

Given Data

Time Take to complete the single Cycle = 2000ps = 2000 x 10⁻¹²

To Find

a. Clock Speed of Processor = ?

b. Cycles per Instruction (CPI) = ?

c. Throughput = ?

Solution:

a. Clock Speed of Processor = ?

Clock Speed = 1/Time to complete the cycle

                      = 1/2000 x 10⁻¹²  Hz

                      =  0.0005 x 10¹²  Hz

                      =  0.5 x 10⁹  Hz                             as   10⁹ = 1 Giga   so,

                      = 0.5 GHz

b. Cycles per Instruction (CPI) = ?

It is mentioned that, each instruction should start at the start of the new cycle and completely processed at the end of that cycle so, we can say that Cycles per Instruction (CPI) = 1

for above mentioned processor.

c. Throughput = ?

Throughput = CPI x Clock Speed

where

CPI = 1 cycle per instruction

Clock Speed = 1 billion Instructions per Second

as

Clock Speed = 1 billion Cycles per Second

Throughput = 1 cycle per instruction x 1 billion Cycles per Second

Throughput = 1 billion Instruction per Second

it is much more convenient for the consumer to order something online, rather than going to a store. it saves them time and money for them, especially if that item is not accessed easily.