Classify the following attributes as binary, discrete, or continuous. Also classify them as qualitative (nominal or ordinal) or quantitative (interval or ratio). Some cases may have more than one interpretation, so briefly indicate your reasoning if you think there may be some ambiguity. Example: Age in years. Discrete, quantitative, ratioa) Time in terms of AM or PM. b) Brightness as measured by a light meter. c) Brightness as measured by people's judgments. d) Angles as measured in degrees between 0 and 360.e) Bronze, Silver, and Gold medals as awarded at the Olympics. f) Height above sea level. g) Number of patients in a hospital. h) ISBN numbers for books. (Look up the format on the Web.)i) Ability to pass light in terms of the following values: opaque, translucent' transparent. j) Military rank. k) Distance from the center of campus. l) Density of a substance in grams per cubic centimeter. m) Coat check number. (When you attend an event, you can often give your coat to someone who, in turn, gives you a number that you can use to claim your coat when you leave.)

For each of the following claims, determine whether they are true or false. justify your determination (show your work). if the claim is false, state the correct asymptotic relationship as o, θ, or ω. unless otherwise specified, lg is log2.(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j)n+1 =22n =2n =1 =ln2 n =n2 +2n−4 =33n = 2n+1 =√n = 10100 =o(n4) o(2n)θ(2n+7 ) o(1/n)θ(lg2 n) ω(n2 )θ(9n ) θ(2n lg n )o(lg n) θ(1)

Asuccessful format string attack attempted to steal user account information by reading from unauthorized memory. answer the followings with proper explanation a)this attack will lead to violation of which security policies?

1. package newton’s method for approximating square roots (case study 3.6) in a function named newton. this function expects the input number as an argument and returns the estimate of its square root. the script should also include a main function that allows the user to compute square roots of inputs until she presses the enter/return key. 2. convert newton’s method for approximating square roots in project 1 to a recursive function named newton. (hint: the estimate of the square root should be passed as a second argument to the function.) 3. elena complains that the recursive newton function in project 2 includes an extra argument for the estimate. the function’s users should not have to provide this value, which is always the same, when they call this function. modify the definition of the function so that it uses a keyword parameter with the appropriate default value for this argument, and call the function without a second argument to demonstrate that it solves this problem. 4. restructure newton’s method (case study 3.6) by decomposing it into three cooperating functions. the newton function can use either the recursive strategy of project 1 or the iterative strategy of case study 3.6. the task of testing for the limit is assigned to a function named limitreached, whereas the task of computing a new approximation is assigned to a function named improveestimate. each function expects the relevant arguments and returns an appropriate value. 5. a list is sorted in ascending order if it is empty or each item except the last one is less than or equal to its successor. define a predicate issorted that expects a list as an argument and returns true if the list is sorted, or returns false otherwise. (hint: for a list of length 2 or greater, loop through the list and compare pairs of items, from left to right, and return false if the first item in a pair is greater.)