Two users A and B have the following privileges: A can read and write a file f, and read, write, and execute a service program p. B can only read f and execute p. An intruder has managed to perform one of the violations: Guess A's password. Guess B's password. Place a passive wiretap on A's terminal line and intercept all data communication, except for the password, which is protected through encryption. Place an active wiretap on A's terminal line, which allows the interception of all communication, expect the password, but also allows insertion of arbitrary new messages into the communication stream. (a) For each of the 4 cases, describe a simple scenario, if one exists, that would lead to each of the following violations: Information disclosure.